Journal of Machine and Computing


Integrated Blockchain Manufacturing Design for Distributed Authentication, Validation and Secure Sharing of Events in VANET



Journal of Machine and Computing

Received On : 10 June 2022

Revised On : 30 September 2022

Accepted On : 30 November 2022

Published On : 05 January 2023

Volume 03, Issue 01

Pages : 017-026


Abstract


Intelligent transportation system (ITS) is a technique to improve the driving conditions and safety through collaborative exchange of information between vehicles. Ensuring the authenticity and secure exchange of the events is an important functionality of ITS. Recently blockchain based decentralized solutions are proposed to address event’s authenticity and secure exchange instead of traditional centralized trusted third-party solutions. Along these lines, this work proposes a block chain based decentralized architecture to realize additional functionalities of fine-grained access control to events, revocation of access to events and ensuring the trustworthiness of the events. Block chain along with IPFS is used to realize these functionalities in a fully distributed manner using smart contracts. Performance comparison of proposed solution with state of art demonstrates a better resilience to attacks and comparatively lower execution costs for smart contracts.


Keywords


VANET, ITS, IPFS, Blockchain, Machine Learning, Manufacturing Design.


  1. Y. J. Li, “An overview of the DSRC/WAVE technology,” International Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2010: 544-558
  2. S. Nikolidakis, D. Kandris, D. Vergados, and C. Douligeris, “Energy Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Through Balanced Clustering,” Algorithms, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 29–42, Jan. 2013, doi: 10.3390/a6010029.
  3. R. G. Engoulou , “VANET security surveys,” Computer Communications, 2014, 44: 1-13.
  4. S. Nakamoto, “Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system,” Technical Report, Manubot, 2019.
  5. E. Portmann, “Rezension „Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy “,” HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 1362–1364, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1365/s40702-018-00468-4.
  6. C. Lin, D. He, X. Huang, X. Xie, and K.-K.-R. Choo, “Blockchain-based system for secure outsourcing of bilinear pairings,” Inf. Sci., vol. 527, pp. 590–601, Jul. 2020.
  7. C. Lin, D. He, X. Huang, M. Khurram Khan, and K.-K.-R. Choo, “A new transitively closed undirected graph authentication scheme for blockchain-based identity manag ement systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 28203–28212, 2018.
  8. S. K. Dwivedi, R. Amin and S. Vollala, "Blockchain-Based Secured IPFS-Enable Event Storage Technique With Authentication Protocol in VANET," in IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica, vol. 8, no. 12, pp. 1913-1922, December 2021
  9. L. Zhang, M. X. Luo, J. T. Li, M. H. Au, K. K. R. Choo, T. Chen, and S. W. Tian, “Blockchain based secure data sharing system for internet of vehicles: A position paper,” Veh. Commun., vol. 16, pp. 85–93, Apr.2019
  10. R. Shrestha, R. Bajracharya, A. P. Shrestha, and S. Y. Nam, “A new type of blockchain for secure message exchange in VANET,” Digit. Commun. Netw., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 177–186, May 2020.
  11. X. H. Zhang and X. F. Chen, “Data security sharing and storage based on a consortium blockchain in a vehicular ad-hoc network,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 58241–58254, Jan. 2019
  12. Y. T. Yang, L. D. Chou, C. W. Tseng, F. H. Tseng, and C. C. Liu, “Blockchain-based traffic event validation and trust verification for VANETs,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 30868–30877, Mar. 2019
  13. J. W. Kang, R. Yu, X. M. Huang, M. Q. Wu, S. Maharjan, S. L. Xie, and Y. Zhang, “Blockchain for secure and efficient data sharing in vehicular edge computing and networks,” IEEE Int. Things J., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 4660–4670, Jun. 2019
  14. L. Li, J. Q. Liu, L. C. Cheng, S. Qiu, W. Wang, X. L. Zhang, and Z. H. Zhang, “CreditCoin: A privacy-preserving blockchain-based incentive announcement network for communications of smart vehicles,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 2204–2220, Jul. 2018
  15. Y. L. Lu, X. H. Huang, K. Zhang, S. Maharjan, and Y. Zhang, “Blockchain empowered asynchronous federated learning for secure data sharing in internet of vehicles,” IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 4298–4311, Apr. 2020.
  16. Z. J. Lu, W. C. Liu, Q. Wang, G. Qu, and Z. L. Liu, “A privacy preserving trust model based on blockchain for VANETs,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 45655–45664, Aug. 2018
  17. Z. J. Lu, Q. Wang, G. Qu, and Z. L. Liu, “BARS: A blockchain-based anonymous reputation system for trust management in VANETs,” In Proc. 17th IEEE Int. Conf. Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications/12th IEEE Int. Conf. Big Data Science and Engineering, NY, USA, 2018, pp. 98–103
  18. B. K. Zheng, L. H. Zhu, M. Shen, F. Gao, C. Zhang, Y. D. Li, and J. Yang, “Scalable and privacy-preserving data sharing based on blockchain,” J. Comput. Sci. Technol., vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 557–567, May 2018.
  19. M. U. Javed, M. Rehman, N. Javaid, A. Aldegheishem, N. Alrajeh, and M. Tahir, “Blockchain-based secure data storage for distributed vehicular networks,” Appl. Sci., vol. 10, no. 6, p. 2011, 2020
  20. K. X. Shi, L. H. Zhu, C. Zhang, L. Xu, and F. Gao, “Blockchain-based multimedia sharing in vehicular social networks with privacy protection,” Multimed. Tool. Appl., vol. 79, no. 11, pp. 8085–8105, Mar. 2020.
  21. Mallikarjun Maratha and Virupakshappa. "An efficient vehicle traffic maintenance using roadside units in VANET." Imperial Journal of interdisciplinary research, Vol 3, no. 1, pp. 783-784, 2016.
  22. K. A. Abbas et al., “Unsupervised machine learning technique for classifying production zones in unconventional reservoirs,” International Journal of Intelligent Networks, vol. 4, pp. 29–37, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.ijin.2022.11.007.

Acknowledgements


Author(s) thanks to Dr.Sujata V. Mallapur for this research completion and support.


Funding


No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.


Ethics declarations


Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.


Availability of data and materials


No data available for above study.


Author information


Contributions

All authors have equal contribution in the paper and all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.


Corresponding author


Rights and permissions


Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs is a more restrictive license. It allows you to redistribute the material commercially or non-commercially but the user cannot make any changes whatsoever to the original, i.e. no derivatives of the original work. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/


Cite this article


Anand N Patil, Sujata V. Mallapur, “Integrated Blockchain Manufacturing Design for Distributed Authentication, Validation and Secure Sharing of Events in VANET”, Journal of Machine and Computing, pp. 017-026, January 2023. doi: 10.53759/7669/jmc202303003.


Copyright


© 2023 Anand N Patil, Sujata V. Mallapur. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.