OSI Model is a short name for the Open Systems Interconnection reference model for networking. This theoretical model explains how networks behave within an orderly, seven-layered model for networked communication. The OSI model isn’t specific to a protocol suite and can be applied to most networking protocols past and present. [1]

The open systems interconnection (OSI) model is a conceptual model created by the International Organization for Standardization which enables diverse communication systems to communicate using standard protocols. In plain English, the OSI provides a standard for different computer systems to be able to communicate with each other.

The OSI Model can be seen as a universal language for computer networking. It is based on the concept of splitting up a communication system into seven abstract layers, each one stacked upon the last. [2]

Figure 1. The OSI Model

The OSI Model is shown in figure 1. OSI Model is a network model having seven different layers. This model was first introduced in 1974 by the ISO (International Organization of Standardization). This Model helps to transfer data over the network from one computer device to another. This Model is nothing but the standard adopted all over the globe.[3]

Characteristics of OSI Model:

• The OSI model is divided into two layers: upper layers and lower layers.
• The upper layer of the OSI model mainly deals with the application related issues, and they are implemented only in the software. The application layer is closest to the end user. Both the end user and the application layer interact with the software applications. An upper layer refers to the layer just above another layer.
• The lower layer of the OSI model deals with the data transport issues. The data link layer and the physical layer are implemented in hardware and software. The physical layer is the lowest layer of the OSI model and is closest to the physical medium. The physical layer is mainly responsible for placing the information on the physical medium.[4]

OSI Model is the basic model that acts as the reference model for the implementation of the network or designing of the network in the real world.

There is the same model that is implemented in the real world called TCP/IP model with the layers stated in the OSI model. In this, various algorithms help in the transmission of data from a host to the destination. [5]

References:

1. https://networkencyclopedia.com/10-computer-networking-concepts-you-should-master/
2. https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ddos/glossary/open-systems-interconnection-model-osi/
3. https://www.educba.com/what-is-osi-model/
4. https://www.javatpoint.com/osi-model
5. https://www.interviewbit.com/blog/osi-model/

Cite this article:

Gokula Nandhini K (2023), The OSI Model, Anatechmaz, pp.100