Journal of Computing and Natural Science


Artificial Intelligence for Smart Systems Critical Analysis of the Human Centered Approach



Journal of Computing and Natural Science

Received On : 25 December 2020

Revised On : 30 January 2021

Accepted On : 25 March 2021

Published On : 05 July 2021

Volume 01, Issue 03

Pages : 085-092


Abstract


A program for Artificial Intelligence (AI) is knowledge as intelligent agent, which typically interacts with the ecosystem. This agent is capable of identifying the status of the ecosystem using the sensors before affecting the state via the actuators. We call the smart systems "agents” whenever they are able to make some decisions on their own with respect on particular goals. On the other hand, Machine Learning (ML) signifies a specific strategy meant to design smart systems whereby these systems can adapt to specific behaviors with respect to data. In the modern age, humans are rapidly collaborating with ML and AI systems. The AI that is human-based is a perspective of ML and AI, which algorithms have to be established with the awareness that they are a major segment of the massive system incorporating human. In this paper, we have presented a research that means that AI systems understand humans with respect to their socio-cultural aspects and that AI system assist humans comprehend them. We also present an argument of the challenges of social responsibility e.g. transparency, interpretability, accountability and fairness.


Keywords


Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI)


  1. D. Ciuriak, "Economics of AI/ML and Big Data in the Data-Driven Economy: Implications for Canada’s Innovation Strategy", SSRN Electronic Journal, 2019. Available: 10.2139/ssrn.3362083.
  2. M. Carabantes, "Black-box artificial intelligence: an epistemological and critical analysis", AI & SOCIETY, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 309-317, 2019. Available: 10.1007/s00146-019-00888-w.
  3. P. Khargonekar and M. Dahleh, "Advancing systems and control research in the era of ML and AI", Annual Reviews in Control, vol. 45, pp. 1-4, 2018. Available: 10.1016/j.arcontrol.2018.04.001.
  4. C. Weisbin, "Real-Time Control: A significant test of AI technologies", IEEE Expert, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 16-17, 1987. Available: 10.1109/mex.1987.5006526.
  5. D. Shubham, P. Mithil, M. Shobharani and S. Sumathy, "Aspect level sentiment analysis using machine learning", IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 263, p. 042009, 2017. Available: 10.1088/1757-899x/263/4/042009.
  6. P. Pereira, "Using ML Models to Detect Malicious Traffic: Testing ML Models", International Journal for Information Security Research, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 906-909, 2020. Available: 10.20533/ijisr.2042.4639.2020.0104.
  7. J. Mei, "Refining humane endpoints in mouse models of disease by systematic review and machine learning-based endpoint definition", ALTEX, 2019. Available: 10.14573/altex.1812231.
  8. H. Anandakumar and K. Umamaheswari, “Supervised machine learning techniques in cognitive radio networks during cooperative spectrum handovers,” Cluster Computing, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1505–1515, Mar. 2017.
  9. H. Anandakumar and K. Umamaheswari, “A bio-inspired swarm intelligence technique for social aware cognitive radio handovers,” Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 71, pp. 925–937, Oct. 2018. doi:10.1016/j.compeleceng.2017.09.016
  10. P. Jauffret, T. Hanser, C. Tonnelier and G. Kaufmann, "Machine learning of generic reactions: 1. Scope of the project; the GRAMS program", Tetrahedron Computer Methodology, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 323-333, 1990. Available: 10.1016/0898-5529(90)90059-h.
  11. "Applications of Artificial Intelligence", Artificial Intelligence, vol. 114, no. 1-2, pp. 1-2, 1999. Available: 10.1016/s0004-3702(99)00086-7.
  12. D. Petrelli, A. Dadzie and V. Lanfranchi, "Mediating between AI and highly specialized users", AI Magazine, vol. 30, no. 4, p. 95, 2009. Available: 10.1609/aimag.v30i4.2263.
  13. O. Bihun and M. Miłosz, "Comparison Google’s and Yandex’s search algorithms", Journal of Computer Sciences Institute, vol. 4, pp. 128-130, 2017. Available: 10.35784/jcsi.609.
  14. B. Unhelkar and T. Gonsalves, "Enhancing Artificial Intelligence Decision Making Frameworks to Support Leadership During Business Disruptions", IT Professional, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 59-66, 2020. Available: 10.1109/mitp.2020.3031312.
  15. P. Marx, "Labour market risks and political preferences: The case of temporary employment", European Journal of Political Research, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 136-159, 2013. Available: 10.1111/1475-6765.12027.
  16. N. Shah and Y. Jani, "Implementation of Smart Infusion Pumps: A Scoping Review and Case Study Discussion of the Evidence of the Role of the Pharmacist", Pharmacy, vol. 8, no. 4, p. 239, 2020. Available: 10.3390/pharmacy8040239.
  17. A. Demetriou, G. Spanoudis and M. Shayer, "Developing intelligence: Is a comprehensive theory possible?", Intelligence, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 730-731, 2013. Available: 10.1016/j.intell.2013.07.017.

Acknowledgements


Authors thank Reviewers for taking the time and effort necessary to review the manuscript.


Funding


No funding was received to assist with the preparation of this manuscript.


Ethics declarations


Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.


Availability of data and materials


No data available for above study.


Author information


Contributions

All authors have equal contribution in the paper and all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.


Corresponding author


Rights and permissions


Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NoDerivs is a more restrictive license. It allows you to redistribute the material commercially or non-commercially but the user cannot make any changes whatsoever to the original, i.e. no derivatives of the original work. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/


Cite this article


Zoran Galic Hajnal, “Artificial Intelligence for Smart Systems Critical Analysis of the Human Centered Approach”, Journal of Computing and Natural Science, vol.1, no.3, pp. 085-092, July 2021. doi: 10.53759/181X/JCNS202101013.


Copyright


© 2021 Zoran Galic Hajnal. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.