Rebooting a quantum computer is a tricky process that can damage its parts, Tsai and his RIKEN colleague Teruaki Yoshioka have devised a simulation to help find a better way of resetting the qubit, without harming it.

Figure 1. Resetting Qubits in a Quantum Computer

Figure 1 shows that the Conventional computers process information stored as bits that take a value of zero or one. The potential power of quantum computers lies in their ability to process ‘qubits’ that can take a value of zero or one—or be some fuzzy mix of both simultaneously.

“However, to reuse the same circuit for multiple operations, you have to force the qubits back to zero fast,” says Jaw Shen Tsai, a quantum physicist at the RIKEN Centre for Quantum Computing. But that is easier said than done.

The resetting qubits includes linking them to photons in a resonator device.The qubit transfers its energy to the resonator, after which the photon in the resonator decays, releasing its energy to the environment. This process causes the qubit state to drop back to the ground state (zero).

The problem with this method is that permanent entanglement to a decaying photon rapidly degrades the qubit ‘s quality so that it rapidly ceases to be useful for future operations. [2]

Based on their calculations, the pair proposed building a resonator that can be controlled using an additional junction made by sandwiching a superconducting material with an insulator, a normal metal, another insulator and another superconductor.

This layered junction is controlled by applying a voltage. While the qubit operation is being carried out, the set-up is tuned so that the photon cannot decay. Only when the operation has been completed do the physicists change the voltage, allowing the photon to release energy.

“This adjustable resonator is the key to our proposal,” says Tsai.

The best current lab record for resetting a qubit is 280 nanoseconds, with 99.0% fidelity. “Our simulations suggest we could reset the qubit in 80 nanoseconds, with 99.0% fidelity,” says Yoshioka.

The team is now testing this set-up, which is held at low temperatures using a dilution refrigerator, with promising results. “This device should be very useful if we can implement it in a quantum circuit,” Tsai says. [3]

References:

1. https://scitechdaily.com/faster-technique-for-resetting-qubits-in-quantum-computers/
2. https://www.techexplorist.com/new-technique-for-resetting-qubits-in-a-quantum-computer/44268/
3. source: https://www.riken.jp/en/news_pubs/research_news/rr/20220121_1/index.html

Cite this article:

Sri Vasagi K (2022), A New Technique for Rebooting Quantum Computers, AnaTechMaz, pp.24